Abigail Kawananakoa, Hawaiian princess, dies at 96

August 05, 2024

Abigail Kinoiki Kekaulike Kawananakoa, the so-called last Hawaiian princess whose lineage included the royal family that once ruled the islands and an Irish business executive who became one of Hawaii’s largest landowners, died Dec. 11 at her home in Honolulu. She was 96.

Her death was announced Monday morning outside Iolani Palace, America’s only royal residence, which was once home to the Hawaiian monarchy dwelled but now serves mostly as a museum. Paula Akana, executive director of the palace, and Hailama Farden, of Hale O Na Aliʻi O Hawaii, a royal Hawaiian society, made the announcement in Hawaiian.

Ms. Kawananakoa held no formal title but was a living reminder of Hawaii’s monarchy and a symbol of Hawaiian national identity that endured after the kingdom was overthrown by American business executives in 1893.

James Campbell, her great-grandfather, was an Irish business executive who made his fortune as a sugar plantation owner and one of Hawaii’s largest landowners.

He had married Abigail Kuaihelani Maipinepine Bright. Their daughter, Abigail Wahiika‘ahu‘ula Campbell, married Prince David Kawananakoa, who was named an heir to the throne. Their daughter Lydia Kamaka‘eha Liliu‘okulani Kawananakoa Morris had Abigail with her husband, William Jeremiah Ellerbrock.

After the prince died, his widow adopted their grandchild, the young Abigail, which strengthened her claim to a princess title. She acknowledged in an interview with Honolulu Magazine in 2021 that had the monarchy survived, her cousin Edward Kawananakoa would be in line to be the ruler, not her.

“Of course, I would be the power behind the throne, there’s no question about that,” she joked.

Known to family and close friends as “Kekau,” she received more Campbell money than anyone else and amassed a trust valued at about $215 million.

She funded causes over the years, including providing scholarships for Native Hawaiian students, opposing Honolulu’s rail transit project, supporting protests over a giant telescope, donating items owned by King Kalakaua and Queen Kapiʻolani for public display, including a 14-carat diamond from the king’s pinkie ring, and maintaining Iolani Palace.

Critics have said because there are other remaining descendants of the royal family who don’t claim any titles, Ms. Kawananakoa was held up as the last Hawaiian princess simply because of her wealth and honorific title.

Hawaiian activist Walter Ritte said many Hawaiians aren’t interested in whether she was a princess and that her impact on Indigenous culture was minimal. “We didn’t quite understand what her role was and how she could help us,” Ritte said.

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Many Hawaiians couldn’t relate to her, he said. “We call it the high maka-maks,” he said using a Hawaii Pidgin term that can mean upper class.

Ms. Kawananakoa was born in Honolulu on April 23, 1926, and graduated from the all-female Notre Dame High School in Belmont, Calif., where she was a boarding student.

“She was always curious about what people would do for money,” said Jim Wright, who was her personal attorney since 1998 until she fired him in 2017 during a bitter court battle over control of her trust.

He recalled a time when the bishop of the Catholic Diocese of Honolulu asked for a $100,000 gift to mark the canonization of Saint Marianne. She told him she would give the church the money only if she could get a photo of Pope Benedict XVI accepting her check, Wright said.

When the bishop agreed, Ms. Kawananakoa was disappointed. “She was really hoping they would tell her to buzz off,” Wright said.

Meanwhile, she found the Dalai Lama’s refusal to accept her monetary gifts in 2012 pleasing, Wright said: “She was so pleased that somebody actually had some integrity.”

She bred racehorses and was inducted into the American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame in 2018, with the American Quarter Horse Association noting she was the industry’s “all-time leading female breeder at the reins of an operation that has produced the earners of more than $10 million.”

One of her horses, A Classic Dash, won $1 million in 1993 in New Mexico’s All-American Futurity.

The battle over control of her trust began when a judge approved her lawyer Wright as a trustee after she suffered a stroke. She claimed she wasn’t impaired, fired Wright as her lawyer and married Veronica Gail Worth, her partner of 20 years. Survivors include her wife.

In 2018, Ms. Kawananakoa attempted to amend her trust ensure that her wife would receive $40 million and all her personal property, according to court records. In 2020, a judge ruled that Ms. Kawananakoa was unable to manage her property and business affairs because she was impaired.

For hearings in the case, her wife would drive them to a handicapped stall near the back entrance of a downtown Honolulu courthouse in a black Rolls-Royce.

“My wife? Oh, wifey,” Ms. Kawananakoa said in a video interview her publicist released in 2019 to respond to allegations raised in the court case, including how her wife was treating her. “If it wasn’t for Gail, I wouldn’t be as normal as you see me now,” she said in the video showing her coifed hair, made-up face and red manicure.

It was “heartbreaking,” she said, to be unable to fulfill her obligation to the Hawaiian people amid legal wrangling over her trust.

“My heritage dictates that I must take care of the Hawaiian people,” she said during one court hearing.

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